TNT EXPRESS Scam – Description. The TNT Express scam is an email-based threat that is currently being pushed against computer end users. It is directed by an unknown hacking group who intends to use it as a payload delivery mechanism for other malware. Jun 30, 2021 Original question: Why is TNT used as a benchmark to measure the strength of explosives? For a number of reasons. TNT is a very stable explosive that has been around for a long time.
Trinitrotoluene ( / ˌtraɪˌnaɪtroʊˈtɒljuiːn /) ( TNT ), or more specifically 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, is a chemical compound with the formula C 6 H 2 (NO 2) 3 CH 3. This yellow solid is occasionally used as a reagent in chemical synthesis, but it is best known as an explosive material with convenient handling properties. TNT Driving School. 1893 Old Plymouth St # 2, Bridgewater, MA 02324. Anthony's Catholic Church 2 Summer St, Cohasset, MA 02025. Mobile & tablet. Download from the App store Download from the Google Play store Download from the Amazon store.
Explosives safety originated as a formal program in the United States in the aftermath of World War I when several ammunition storage areas were destroyed in a series of mishaps. The most serious occurred at Picatinny Arsenal Ammunition Storage Depot, New Jersey, in July, 1926 when an electrical storm led to fires that caused explosions and widespread destruction. The severe property damage and 19 fatalities led Congress to empower a board of Army and Naval officers to investigate the Picatinny Arsenal disaster and determine if similar conditions existed at other ammunition depots. The board reported in its findings that this mishap could recur, prompting Congress to establish a permanent board of colonels to develop explosives safety standards and ensure compliance beginning in 1928. This organization evolved into the Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board (DDESB) and is chartered in Title 10 of the US Code. The DDESB authors Defense Explosives Safety Regulation (DESR) 6055.9[1] which establishes the explosives safety standards for the Department of Defense. The DDESB also evaluates scientific data which may adjust those standards, reviews and approves all explosives site plans for new construction, and conducts worldwide visits to locations containing US title munitions. The cardinal principle of explosives safety is expose the minimum number of people for the minimum time to the minimum amount of explosives.
US Air Force[edit]
The United States Air Force counterpart to the DDESB is the Air Force Safety Center (AFSEC/SEW). Similar safety functions are found at major command headquarters, intermediate command headquarters, and installation weapons safety offices, culminating with unit-level explosives safety programs. The current Air Force regulation governing explosives safety is Air Force Manual (AFMAN) 91-201.[2] AFMAN 91-201 was developed using DESR 6055.09 as a parent regulation, and in most cases follows the limitations set forth in the DESR (excluding mission-specific requirements). The Air Force deviates from DESR 6055.9 as long as the risks of doing so are assessed and accepted at the appropriate level.
US Army[edit]
The United States Army counterpart to the DDESB is the U.S. Army Technical Center for Explosives Safety (USATCES). The USATCES is located with the Defense Ammunition Center on McAlester Army Ammunition Plant, near McAlester, Oklahoma . USATCES is responsible for providing ammunition and explosives (A&E) safety worldwide by acting as the field office of the Department of Army Safety responsible for A&E safety. The USATCES also acts as the Army agency having safety oversight of clean-up of Former Used Defense Sites (FUDS)[3][4] and Former Toxic Chemical Agent Sites where munitions from all branches of service disposed of A&E by burial or dumping up until the end of the Vietnam War. The USATCES acts as the Army's safety watchdog for disposal of chemical ammunition at the Army's Chemical Disposal Facilities. As part of Army's Ordnance Corps under TRADOC Specially trained Civilian Explosives Safety Personnel [Quality Assurance Specialist (Ammunition Surveillance) (QASAS)[5]] and Safety Specialist that have received specialized training in A&E Safety) from the USATCES are deployed worldwide, wherever the U.S. Army has A&E. Their mission is to provide A&E safety to the soldier, the public, and the environment making sure the Army's A&E is not only stored safely but ready, reliable, and lethal when the U.S. military needs it.
Net Explosives Weight (NEW)[edit]
The net explosives weight (NEW) is the total weight of all explosives substances in a single item. NEW is used to calculate safe separation distances (see Quantity-Distance). NEW for a specific explosive may be adjusted by its TNT equivalence which is the weight of trinitrotoluene (TNT) required to produce a shockwave of equal magnitude as that produced by one pound of the explosive in question. For example, C-4 has a TNT equivalency for overpressure of 1.34 (one pound of C-4 is equal to 1.34 pounds of TNT).
Quantity-Distance (QD)[edit]
Quantity-Distance (QD) is the foundation of DOD explosives safety standards. It defines levels of protection from blast based on relationships between the quantity of explosive material (NEW) and distance. The relationships are based on levels of risk considered acceptable for specific exposures but they do not provide absolute safety or protection. Exposures are expressed by a “K-factor” (K6, K18, etc.) which represents the degree of protection provided; higher is better. K328 equates to a blast overpressure of 0.0655 psi which will not harm people in the open.
Blast Wave Phenomena[edit]
A Blast Wave Phenomenon is an incident involving the violent release of energy created by detonation of an explosive device. The sudden and intense pressure disturbance is termed the “blast wave.” The blast wave is characterized by an almost instantaneous rise from ambient pressure to a peak incident pressure (Pi). This pressure increase or “shock front,” travels radially outward from the detonation point, with a diminishing velocity that is always in excess of the speed of sound in that medium. Gas molecules making up the front move at lower velocities. This velocity, which is called the “particle velocity,” is associated with the “dynamic pressure,” or the pressure formed by the winds produced by the shock front. As the shock front expands into increasingly larger volumes of the medium, the incident pressure decreases and, generally, the duration of the pressure-pulse increase. If the shock wave strikes a rigid surface (e.g., a building) at an angle to the direction of the wave's propagation, a reflected pressure is instantly developed on the surface and this pressure rises to a value that exceeds the incident pressure. This reflected pressure is a function of the incident wave's pressure and the angle formed between the rigid surface and the plane of the shock front.
Fragments[edit]
An important consideration in the analysis of the hazards associated with an explosion is the effect of any fragments produced. Although fragmentation most commonly occurs in high explosives events, fragmentation may occur in any incident involving ammunition and explosives (A&E). Depending on their origin, fragments are referred to as “primary” or “secondary” fragments.
Primary fragments result from the shattering of a container (e.g., shell casings, kettles, hoppers, and other containers used in the manufacture of explosives and rocket engine housings) in direct contact with the explosive. These fragments usually are small, initially travel at thousands of feet per second, and may be lethal at long distances from an explosion.
Secondary fragments are debris from structures and other items in close proximity to the explosion. These fragments, which are somewhat larger in size than primary fragments and initially travel at hundreds of feet per second, do not normally travel as far as primary fragments.
Thermal Hazards[edit]
Generally, thermal hazards from explosives events are of less concern than blast and fragment hazards. With the release of energy from an explosion is heat. The amount of heat varies with the energetic compound (explosive). All explosives compound molecules are potentially unstable held together with weak bonds in their outer shell. When this weak bond is broken heat and energy is violently released. It normally takes longer for the thermal blast to incur. Injury from thermal effects follows the blast and fragmentation effects which happen almost instantaneously. This does not imply that there is a time lapse between blast and fragmentation effects of explosives; in fact it happens so fast that humans cannot notice the delay without specialized equipment. The time available to react to a thermal event does increases survivability by rapid equipment designed to react in a fragment of a second. The primary effect of the thermal effect from an explosive detonation on structures, material, and ammunition and explosives (A&E) is their partial or total destruction by fire. The primary concern for explosives safety with a fire involving A&E is that it may transition to a more severe reaction, causing detonations of additional or more hazardous explosives devises and placing more people or property at a greater degree of risk of damage, destruction, injury, or death.
Susan Test[edit]
Following the 1966 Palomares B-52 crash and the 1968 Thule Air Base B-52 crash, accident investigators concluded that the conventional explosives used at the time in nuclear weapons were not stable enough to withstand the forces involved in an aircraft accident. The finding triggered research by scientists in the United States into safer conventional explosives that could be used in nuclear weapons.[6] The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory developed the 'Susan Test'[further explanation needed] — a standard test that uses a special projectile whose design simulates an aircraft accident by squeezing and nipping explosive material between metal surfaces. The test projectile is fired under controlled conditions at a hard surface to measure the reactions and thresholds of different explosives to an impact.
Explosives Safety Specialist[edit]
This is a highly trained and skilled civilian professional usually a QASAS or a Safety Specialist that has been trained to evaluate risk and hazards involved with conventional, guided missiles and toxic chemical ammunition operations. Department of Defense Standards requires that only trained and certified personnel are permitted to participate in operations involving ammunition, explosives, and/or explosive components, guided missiles, and toxic chemicals. They are responsible for providing protection from the effects of ammunition and explosives by evaluation of a set of standards developed by the Department of Defense and reinforced by additional regulations by the branch of military service responsible for the explosives item. They develop safety programs to minimize losses due to injuries and property damage. They try to eliminate unsafe practices and conditions on sites where ammunition and explosives (A&E) are used or stored. Military explosives safety specialist are deployed along with U.S. Military forces to maintain safe storage and use of A&E. They are responsible to recommend to military command ways to store A&E that reduce the risk of injury or death to service men and women in case of an accidental detonation or if the A&E supply is hit by enemy attack.
Much of the work of military explosives safety specialist is identical to their civilian counterparts. They have offices where they analyze data and write reports to upper commands on the storage of A&E. Much of their time is spent reviewing or preparing explosives safety site plans. An explosives site plan (ESS) is the composite risk management (CRM) process associated with explosives/toxic chemical activities to ensure the minimum risk to personnel, equipment, and assets, while meeting mission requirements. The damage or injury potential of explosions is determined by the separation distance between potential explosion sites (PES) and exposed sites (ES); the ability of the PES to suppress blast overpressure, primary and secondary fragments; and the ability of the ES to resist explosion effects. Planning for the proper location and construction of A&E facilities and surrounding facilities exposed to A&E facilities is a key element of the explosives/toxic chemical site planning process. This management process also ensures that risks above those normally accepted for A&E activities are identified and approved at the proper level of command.
Explosives Safety Specialist must often travel to different storage sites to verify that the military installation is meeting the service explosives safety regulations.
Explosives Safety Specialist often works with other safety professionals. They are required to know OSHA, EPA, NFPA and other consensus standards when looking at safety and if these regulations are stricter than their service regulation they must apply these standards and regulations. They must also know Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) regulations dealing with A&E and apply those standards if it is required. They must be able to convince people the need for following prescribes explosives safety standards/regulations. They must also work with ammunition cleanup sites insuring that safety laws and regulations as well as industry standards are followed. They should be good at solving problems.
The military is not the only industry to use explosives safety specialist but are by far the largest employer. Mining and construction also use explosives safety specialist to evaluate hazard and risk from explosives and blasting operations. Ammunition and explosives manufactures also use these professionals. Outside the military explosives safety specialist must apply and be knowledgeable of ATF, OSHA, EPA, NFPA, as well as state and local regulations dealing with safety of A&E.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Defense Explosives Safety Regulation 6055.09
- ^AIR FORCE MANUAL 91-201
- ^1 azdeq.govArchived 2012-04-05 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 2011-11-23
- ^2 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE).Archived 2011-02-10 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 2011-11-23
- ^apd.army.mil retrieved 2011-11-23
- ^Jonas A. Zukas, William P. Walters (2002). Explosive Effects and Applications. Springer. pp. 305–307. ISBN0-387-95558-5.
- Picatinny: History at the Wayback Machine (archived 2014-01-18)
External links[edit]
- retrieved 2011-11-23 nasa.gov
'TNT Email Virus' removal guide
What is 'TNT Email Virus'?
'TNT Email Virus' is one of many spam email campaigns that is used by scammers to trick people (email recipients) into opening malicious attachments. Cyber criminals use email attachments (or web links) to proliferate high-risk viruses - in this case, the LokiBot virus. The main purpose of these spam campaigns is to trick people into opening the link (and downloading the attachment) by presenting it as a legitimate message. Some examples of other similar email campaigns include Thanksgiving Email Virus, CitiBank Email Virus, and IRS Online Email Virus.
Scammers send the 'TNT Email Virus' email to thousands people. They claim to be team members of TNT (a legitimate international courier delivery services company). This spam campaign is used to trick people into believing that a parcel could not be delivered in person due the wrong address having been supplied. Recipients are encouraged to click a link that will supposedly download and print a receipt required to receive the parcel. This is a scam used to infect computers with a virus. If clicked, the link downloads a high-risk LokiBot virus designed to record data such as logins and passwords (mostly in web browsers), and tracks users' browsing activity, and so on. Having a computer infected with this virus might result in various privacy issues or even financial loss. This infection can also be used to proliferate viruses by sending malicious executables to users' contacts lists. If installed, this virus can be identified as a 'Delivery Note - AWD (sequence of numbers)' process in Task Manager (see screenshot below). Do not click the link within the 'TNT Email Virus' email - simply ignore this spam email. If, however, you have already clicked it, immediately scan the system with a reputable anti-virus/anti-spyware suite and eliminate all threats.
| Name | TNT delivery notification virus |
| Threat Type | Trojan, Password stealing virus, Banking malware, Spyware |
| Symptoms | Trojans are designed to stealthily infiltrate victim's computer and remain silent thus no particular symptoms are clearly visible on an infected machine. |
| Distribution methods | Infected email attachments, malicious online advertisements, social engineering, software cracks. |
| Damage | Stolen banking information, passwords, identity theft, victim's computer added to a botnet. |
| Malware Removal (Windows) | To eliminate possible malware infections, scan your computer with legitimate antivirus software. Our security researchers recommend using Combo Cleaner. |
Spam campaigns are used to proliferate high-risk viruses such as LokiBot. Examples of other infections are FormBook, Adwind, TrickBot, and AZORult. In most cases, these viruses are designed to steal sensitive information related to logins, passwords, etc., or to spread other infections (such as ransomware). The data is used by developers to generate revenue. These viruses cause privacy/browsing issues and other similar problems. We strongly recommend that you remove these viruses as soon as possible.
How did 'TNT Email Virus' infect my computer?
These spam email campaigns are used to proliferate infections through malicious attachments (or links that download attachments). In this case, 'TNT Email Virus' contains a link that leads to download of a malicious file. Once downloaded and opened, this attachment installs the LokiBot virus. If the attachment is a Microsoft Office document, it asks to enable macros commands (viruses cannot be proliferated unless macros are enabled). If the attachment is an archive file, it must be extracted, and if an executable file, it must be executed, and so on. I.e. users must trigger the infection manually.
How to avoid installation of malware?
To keep your computer safe from infections that are proliferated through email attachments, carefully analyze the email. If an email is received from a suspicious/unknown address, or it seems irrelevant, do not click the link or download the attachment. Have reputable anti-virus/anti-spyware software installed and enabled. These programs can detect viruses before they can do any harm. Browse the web and install applications with care. Careless behavior and poor knowledge are the main reasons for computer infections. Caution is the key to safety. If you have already opened a 'TNT Email Virus' attachment, we recommend running a scan with Combo Cleaner Antivirus for Windows to automatically eliminate infiltrated malware.
Text presented in the 'TNT Email Virus' email message:
Subject: TNT | Express Shipping
Delivery Notification PARCEL NO: TNT5025T
At the request of the shipper.
Your parcel has arrived at our office. Our courier was unable to deliver the parcel to you due to wrong adress from our customer.
To receive your parcel, please visit any of our nearest office and show this receipt.
Please click the attachment to download and print receipt.
Best Regards,
TNT Internetional
All rights reserved by TNT Holdings B.V © 2016
Screenshot of a LokiBot virus process ('Delivery Note - AWD (sequence of numbers)') in Windows Task Manager:
Another variant of TNT spam email:
Text presented within this email:
Subject: TNT Express delivery Consignment Notification
Dear Customer,
A shipment has been arranged for you via TNT.
Is Software Tnt Safe To Download
The shipment is scheduled for delivery MARCH 28th, 2020 and has TNT consignment number: 213596003.
SHIPMENT DETAILS OVERVIEW: (View Enclosed)
Pieces : 1
Weight : 0.5 KG
Shipment reference : Invoice # 10623-24
Description : document
Download Attachment for invoice and full shipment details.
----------
This message and any attachment are confidential and may be privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure.
If you are not the intended recipient, please telephone or email the sender and delete this message and any attachment from your system.
If you are not the intended recipient you must not copy this message or attachment or disclose the contents to any other person.
Please consider the environmental impact before printing this document and its attachment(s).
Another example of TNT-themed spam email spreading malware:
Text presented within:
Subject: TNT Import Clearance – Consignment : #9066721066 is now under clearance process.
Dear Customer,
A shipment has been arranged for you through TNT
The shipment has been scheduled for delivery and has TNT consignment number: 9066721066.
Attached is the documentation that relates to this Express Import Order
Print and sign all copies of the consignment note.
Note: For shipments outside of the EU, it is highly recommended to include the actual invoice of the goods.
- Make sure you have read the TNT Terms & Conditions attached to this email. By signing the consignment notes, you confirm that you agree to the TNT Terms & Conditions.
- Hand the signed copies of the consignment note to the TNT Express driver, keep the Sender copy for your records.
- Leave the shipment open for TNT Express driver to inspect.
As your order has been processed automatically, it is not necessary to contact TNT Express Customer Service by telephone.
If you would like to find out about the many ways TNT helps you to track your shipment, or if you would like to know more about the services provided by TNT, simply connect to www.tnt.com and select your location at any time.
---------------------------------
This message and any attachment are confidential and may be privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure.
If you are not the intended recipient, please telephone or email the sender and delete this message and any attachment from your system.
If you are not the intended recipient you must not copy this message or attachment or disclose the contents to any other person.
Please consider the environmental impact before printing this document and its attachment(s).
Print black and white and double-sided where possible.
---------------------------------
Instant automatic malware removal:Manual threat removal might be a lengthy and complicated process that requires advanced computer skills. Combo Cleaner is a professional automatic malware removal tool that is recommended to get rid of malware. Download it by clicking the button below:
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Quick menu:
- STEP 1. Manual removal of LokiBot malware.
- STEP 2. Check if your computer is clean.
How to remove malware manually?
Manual malware removal is a complicated task - usually it is best to allow antivirus or anti-malware programs to do this automatically. To remove this malware we recommend using Combo Cleaner Antivirus for Windows. If you wish to remove malware manually, the first step is to identify the name of the malware that you are trying to remove. Here is an example of a suspicious program running on a user's computer:
If you checked the list of programs running on your computer, for example, using task manager, and identified a program that looks suspicious, you should continue with these steps:
Download a program called Autoruns. This program shows auto-start applications, Registry, and file system locations:
Restart your computer into Safe Mode:
Windows XP and Windows 7 users: Start your computer in Safe Mode. Click Start, click Shut Down, click Restart, click OK. During your computer start process, press the F8 key on your keyboard multiple times until you see the Windows Advanced Option menu, and then select Safe Mode with Networking from the list.
Is Software Tnt Safe Training
Video showing how to start Windows 7 in 'Safe Mode with Networking':
Windows 8 users: Start Windows 8 is Safe Mode with Networking - Go to Windows 8 Start Screen, type Advanced, in the search results select Settings. Click Advanced startup options, in the opened 'General PC Settings' window, select Advanced startup. Click the 'Restart now' button. Your computer will now restart into the 'Advanced Startup options menu'. Click the 'Troubleshoot' button, and then click the 'Advanced options' button. In the advanced option screen, click 'Startup settings'. Click the 'Restart' button. Your PC will restart into the Startup Settings screen. Press F5 to boot in Safe Mode with Networking.
Video showing how to start Windows 8 in 'Safe Mode with Networking':
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Windows 10 users: Click the Windows logo and select the Power icon. In the opened menu click 'Restart' while holding 'Shift' button on your keyboard. In the 'choose an option' window click on the 'Troubleshoot', next select 'Advanced options'. In the advanced options menu select 'Startup Settings' and click on the 'Restart' button. In the following window you should click the 'F5' button on your keyboard. This will restart your operating system in safe mode with networking.
Video showing how to start Windows 10 in 'Safe Mode with Networking':
Extract the downloaded archive and run the Autoruns.exe file.
In the Autoruns application, click 'Options' at the top and uncheck the 'Hide Empty Locations' and 'Hide Windows Entries' options. After this procedure, click the 'Refresh' icon.
Check the list provided by the Autoruns application and locate the malware file that you want to eliminate.
You should write down its full path and name. Note that some malware hides process names under legitimate Windows process names. At this stage, it is very important to avoid removing system files. After you locate the suspicious program you wish to remove, right click your mouse over its name and choose 'Delete'.
After removing the malware through the Autoruns application (this ensures that the malware will not run automatically on the next system startup), you should search for the malware name on your computer. Be sure to enable hidden files and folders before proceeding. If you find the filename of the malware, be sure to remove it.
Reboot your computer in normal mode. Following these steps should remove any malware from your computer. Note that manual threat removal requires advanced computer skills. If you do not have these skills, leave malware removal to antivirus and anti-malware programs. These steps might not work with advanced malware infections. As always it is best to prevent infection than try to remove malware later. To keep your computer safe, install the latest operating system updates and use antivirus software.
To be sure your computer is free of malware infections, we recommend scanning it with Combo Cleaner Antivirus for Windows.